Hiperparatiroidismo primario
Resumen
El hiperparatiroidismo primario es uno de los trastornos endocrinos más frecuentes, caracterizado por la producción no controlada de la paratohormona. Esta condición clínica puede ser completamente asintomática o mostrarse con manifestaciones que ponen en peligro la vida de quien la padece. La gran variedad en las formas de presentación y algunos errores frecuentes en la interpretación de los resultados de las pruebas disponibles para su diagnóstico hacen de esta alteración un reto para el médico. Un hiperparatiroidismo no diagnosticado, y en consecuencia no tratado, puede tener consecuencias nefastas para los pacientes como deterioro en la función renal, que puede llevar a requerir una terapia de reemplazo renal, osteoporosis, que se puede acompañar de fracturas por fragilidad y cambios neurocognitivos que pueden socavar la calidad de vida de las personas. Por lo anterior, es fundamental conocer y comprender este trastorno, así como reconocer e interpretar adecuadamente las ayudas diagnósticas para poder proponer un plan de tratamiento adecuado que, afortunadamente en la mayoría de los casos, lleva a la curación del trastorno.
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