La trombocitopenia inmune como manifestación de la infección por Helicobacter pylori
Resumen
Helicobacter pylori es el agente causal de la infección más frecuente de la especie humana, con una marcada desventaja entre los países desarrollados y los países en vía de desarrollo. Si bien, la infección por Helicobacter pylori cursa asintomática en la mayoría de los individuos infectados, también es claro que está íntimamente relacionada con enfermedades malignas del estómago como el cáncer gástrico y el linfoma MALT gástrico; y enfermedades benignas como la gastritis crónica y la úlcera péptica duodenal y gástrica. A partir del momento en que se conoció que la mucosa gástrica podía ser colonizada por una bacteria, en la literatura médica mundial indexada (PubMed) se han informado alrededor de una centena de manifestaciones extragástricas que involucran a especialidades médicas tan disímiles como la cardiología, la dermatología, la endocrinología, la ginecobstetricia, la hematología, la neumología, la neurología, la odontología, la oftalmología, la otorrinolaringología, la pediatría, la siquiatría y vascular periférico, algunas de ellas con mayor o menor acervo probatorio entre la infección por Helicobacter pylori y el desarrollo de la enfermedad. Esta revisión de la literatura médica mundial se centra en el análisis de la relación de la infección por Helicobacter pylori con la trombocitopenia inmune (ITP), antes conocida como púrpura trombocitopénica idiopática. Se presenta una visión global de la ITP, las evidencias de la asociación con la infección por Helicobacter pylori, la fisiopatología y el manejo de ésta en la era poshelicobacter.
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